In 1887, German immigrant Emile Berliner (1851-1929) working in Washington, D.C, invented a system of recording which could be used over and over again, and from which many copies of the original recording could be made. Berliner also switched from a cylinder type medium to the flat disk or record. Berliner patented the gramophone. Another inventor, Elridge Johnson patented a spring motor for the gramophone. The motor made the turntable revolve at an even speed -- no more hand cranking of the gramophone...
